indigenous culture in bolivia

Although Indian is a term still commonly used in legal documents, the descriptors Indian and Eskimo have fallen into disuse in Canada, and most consider them to be pejorative. info)) people are an indigenous people in the Andes and Altiplano regions of South America; about 2.3 million live in northwest Argentina, Bolivia, Chile and Peru.Their ancestors lived in the region for many centuries before becoming a subject people of the Inca in the late 15th or early 16th century, and later of the Spanish in the [44] After a military rebellion forced out Meza in 1981, three other military governments in 14 months struggled with Bolivia's growing problems. In the late 19th century, an increase in the world price of silver brought Bolivia relative prosperity and political stability. Bolivia's first indigenous president. A succession of governments controlled by the economic and social elite followed laissez-faire capitalist policies through the first 30 years of the 20th century. They are still used today on Lake Titicaca in Peru and Bolivia by the indigenous peoples living along the banks of the lake. Bosnia & Herzegovina (BAM ) Botswana (BWP P) There were coups d'tat, counter-coups, and caretaker governments. The best known of the various festivals found in the country is the "Carnaval de Oruro", which was among the first 19 "Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity", as proclaimed by UNESCO in May 2001. The two great divine culture heroes are Glooskap and Bolivia. It is subordinate to the Air Transport Management (Gerencia de Transportes Areos) and is headed by an FAB general. La Via Campesina shares this newsletter to inform about the implementation and construction process of Read more Religion affiliation in Bolivia as of 2018. The Owens Valley Brown TAM Group 71) has been a part of the FAB since 1945. According to a genetic study done on Bolivians, average values of Native American, European and African ancestry are 86%, 12.5%, and 1.5%, in individuals from La Paz and 76.8%, 21.4%, and 1.8% in individuals from Chuquisaca; respectively. The largest city and principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Llanos Orientales (tropical lowlands), a mostly flat region in the east of the country. The government said it returned the loan to protect Bolivia's economic sovereignty and because the conditions attached to the loan were unacceptable. [200] There are also important communities of Japanese (14,000[201]) and Lebanese (12,900[202]). Juan Jos Torres, who had fled Bolivia, was kidnapped and assassinated in 1976 as part of Operation Condor, the U.S.-supported campaign of political repression by South American right-wing dictators. Native Americans, also known as American Indians, First Americans, Indigenous Americans, and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States, including Hawaii and territories of the United States, as well as Northern Mexico and Canada and other times just the mainland United States. Indigenous Peoples organizations also worked on the sidelines of the sustainable development process adopting a Universal Declaration of the Rights of Mother Earth at the World Peoples Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth, in Cochabamba, Bolivia, in 2010. They are still used today on Lake Titicaca in Peru and Bolivia by the indigenous peoples living along the banks of the lake. However, to mine for it would involve disturbing the country's salt flats (called Salar de Uyuni), an important natural feature which boosts tourism in the region. WebIn Canada, Indigenous groups comprise the First Nations, Inuit and Mtis. During the 2019 elections, the transmission of the unofficial quick counting process was interrupted; at the time, Morales had a lead of 46.86 percent to Mesa's 36.72, after 95.63 percent of tally sheets were counted. North-Acre, Amap, Amazonas, Par, Rondnia, Roraima. Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a state-sanctioned practice of killing a person as a punishment for a crime.The sentence ordering that an offender is to be punished in such a manner is known as a death sentence, and the act of carrying out the sentence is known as an execution.A prisoner who has been sentenced to death and awaits execution is Paiute and Washoe people in the western Great Basin developed plain, utilitarian ceramics separately, which was not burnished but occasionally featured red painted designs. In the district of Sama and in Arica, the Peruvian colonel Jos Mara Lavayn organized a troop that managed to defeat the Bolivian forces of Colonel Rodrguez Magarios and threaten the port of Arica. After the first call for independence in 1809, 16 years of war followed before the establishment of the Republic, named for Simn Bolvar. However, the Chilean government and public rejected the peace treaty. It also has considerable yields of maize, potato, sorghum, banana, rice, and wheat. Bolivia has South Americas largest percentage of indigenous people get to know them better by participating in community-based tourism and hiring local guides. [165] Its natural gas exports bring in millions of dollars per day, in royalties, rents, and taxes. Bolivia has the second largest natural gas reserves in South America. Two concessions to foreign private companies in two of the three largest cities Cochabamba and La Paz/El Alto were prematurely ended in 2000 and 2006 respectively. The relatively robust economic growth of the mid-1990s continued until about the third year of its term in office. WebFurther registration of musical activity in Brazil came from the activities of two Jesuit priests in 1549. In this special issue of National Geographic to mark the centenary of Tutankhamun's discovery, peel back the layers of the find of the century and discover the next chapter in its remarkable story. Use our site search. Anthropologists have named various cultural regions, with fluid boundaries, that are generally agreed upon with some variation. In October 1982, Hernn Siles Zuazo again became president, 22 years after the end of his first term of office (19561960). quality of water due to climate change; pollution and a lack of integrated water resources management; and the lack of policies and programs for the reuse of wastewater. Visit the U.S. Department of State Archive Websites page. It was the civilian wing of the 'Fuerza Area Boliviana' (the Bolivian Air Force), operating passenger services to remote towns and communities in the North and Northeast of Bolivia. ", "Bolivia, sumida en la violencia antes de las elecciones", "Copa Says Legislative Will Define New Election Date After Quarantine", "Parties in the electoral race avoid fixing the date of the elections; await quarantine report", "La Unin Europea enviar una misin de expertos a las elecciones de Bolivia del 18 de octubre", "ONU, OEA y Uniore descartan fraude en elecciones generales", "Morales aide claims victory in Bolivia's election redo", "How Bolivia's left returned to power months after Morales was forced out", "Bolivia Has The Lowest Inflation in Latin America", "IMF recognizes Bolivia's strength in the face of Inflation - Prensa Latina", "Boletn IBCE Cifras: Inflacin en Bolivia", "Present and future Kppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution", "Fortalecimiento de las Capacidades locales para enfrentar El Fenmeno del Nio en Per y Bolivia", Bolivia Climate change, poverty and adaptation, "Climate Change and Water Resources in Arid Mountains: An Example from the Bolivian Andes", "Perception and Interpretation of Climate Change among Quechua Farmers of Bolivia: Indigenous Knowledge as a Resource for Adaptive Capacity", "Melting glaciers: The Slow Disaster in the Andes", "World Bank to Help Fund Climate Change Adaptation in Bolivia", "Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity - Supplementary Material", "Bolivia es el Sexto Pas con la Mayor Cantidad de Especies de Aves en el Mundo", "20 new species found, and lost wildlife rediscovered, in the Bolivian Andes", "Bolivia Grants Nature Same Rights as Humans", "Political Constitution of the State, First Part, Title I, Chapter One: Model of State", "Posesionan a cuatro Vocales del Tribunal Supremo Electoral", "Chapter XXVI: Disarmament No. Bolivia (BOB Bs.) "[T]he country's highest court overruled the constitution, scrapping term limits altogether for every office. The sovereign state of Bolivia is a constitutionally unitary state, divided into nine departments. Bolivia has been governed by democratically elected governments since 1982; prior to that, it was governed by various dictatorships. "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects", "GINI index (World Bank estimate) Bolivia", "Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) - The Nuclear Threat Initiative", "Nations within Nations: Transnationalism and Indigenous Citizenship in Latin America", "National Gallery: Bolivia | History Today", "History Helps Explain Bolivia's New Boldness", "Statements by Ernesto "Che" Guevara Prior to His Execution in Bolivia", "INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS; Bolivia Sells Utility to U.S. Companies", "Privatization by Capitalization: The Case of Bolivia A Popular Participation Recipe for Cash-Starved SOEs", "Restructuring Citizenship in Bolivia: El Plan de Todos", "Coca Advocate Wins Election for President in Bolivia", "Bolivian Nationalizes the Oil and Gas Sector", "Caso 'La Calancha': vctimas pedirn procesar a ex "vice", "Evo Morales wins landslide victory in Bolivian presidential elections", "Bolivia: New law backs President Evo Morales third term", "Evo Morales declares victory in Bolivian election", "Morales: 'It is not the power of Evo, it is the power of the people', "Bolivians protest after Supreme Court allows President Evo Morales to run for fourth term", "OAS Organization of American States: Democracy for peace, security, and development", "Venice Commission Report on Term-Limits Part I Presidents", "Evo for ever? A July agreement between the MNR and the fourth-place MIR, which had again been led in the election by former President Jaime Paz Zamora, virtually ensured the election of Snchez de Lozada in the congressional run-off, and on 6 August he was sworn in for the second time. Still cant find what Music permeates daily life and there are You will only find them at teleSUR. Fashion in Bolivia. The struggle for independence started in the city of Sucre on 25 May 1809 and the Chuquisaca Revolution (Chuquisaca was then the name of the city) is known as the first cry of Freedom in Latin America. Important archaeological ruins, gold and silver ornaments, stone monuments, ceramics, and weavings remain from several important pre-Columbian cultures. Its operations are mandated by the Constitution and regulated by the Electoral Regime Law (Law 026, passed 2010). Bolivia's drinking water and sanitation coverage has greatly improved since 1990 due to a considerable increase in sectoral investment. [208], Bolivia is a constitutionally secular state that guarantees the freedom of religion and the independence of government from religion. [76] Additionally, observers from the European Union released a report with similar findings and conclusions as the OAS. WebIntangible Culture Heritage (ICH) Man and the Biosphere - 50th Anniversary. Residing at the edge of the Caaris forest, the Caari are northern Perus last remaining group of indigenous Quechua speakers. Plautdietsch, a German dialect, is spoken by about 70,000 Mennonites in Santa Cruz. Amidst allegations of fraud perpetrated by the Morales government, widespread protests were organized to dispute the election. [179] The country only opened its first duplicated highway in 2015: a 203km stretch between the capital La Paz and Oruro.[180]. [4] White Bolivians comprised about 14% of the population in 2006, and are usually concentrated in the largest cities: La Paz, Santa Cruz de la Sierra and Cochabamba, but as well in some minor cities like Tarija and Sucre. With an area of 1,098,581 square kilometers (424,164sqmi), Bolivia is the world's 28th-largest country, and the fifth largest country in South America,[116] extending from the Central Andes through part of the Gran Chaco, Pantanal and as far as the Amazon. Get the latest science news and technology news, read tech reviews and more at ABC News. A majestic tree is fading fast. [219], In 2008, following UNESCO standards, Bolivia was declared free of illiteracy, making it the fourth country in South America to attain this status.[220]. North-Acre, Amap, Amazonas, Par, Rondnia, Roraima. WebThis page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. On 11 November 2019, all senior governmental positions were vacated following the resignation of Evo Morales and his government. Archaeologists note a dramatic adoption of Tiwanaku ceramics into the cultures which became part of the Tiwanaku empire. Chronic malnutrition in children under five years of age also went down by 14% and the child mortality rate was reduced by more than 50%, according to World Health Organization. The ancestry of whites and the white ancestry of mestizos lies within Europe and the Middle East, most notably Spain, Italy, Germany, Croatia, Lebanon and Syria. The public also perceived a significant amount of public sector corruption. At the end of 2002, the government owed $4.5 billion to its foreign creditors, with $1.6 billion of this amount owed to other governments and most of the balance owed to multilateral development banks. You will only find them at teleSUR. [217] Most of the country's largest cities are located in the highlands of the west and central regions. Their culture arose, and presumably began using almanacs, around 3,500 years ago, while Europeans are known to have created written almanacs only after 1150 CE. TAM Transporte Areo Militar (the Bolivian Military Airline) was an airline based in La Paz, Bolivia. Farmers have taken to temporary city jobs when there is poor yield for their crops, while others have started permanently leaving the agricultural sector and are migrating to nearby towns for other forms of work;[124] some view these migrants as the first generation of climate refugees. The culture of soy was brought by Brazilians to the country: in 2006, almost 50% of soy producers in Bolivia were people from Brazil, or descendants of Brazilians. [175] The northern portion of the road, much of it unpaved and without guardrails, was cut into the Cordillera Oriental Mountain in the 1930s. [144] From 2007 to 2017, what is referred to as the "government take" on gas totaled approximately $22 billion. WebLatest news from Latin America and the world, we tell the truth minute by minute, from LAtin American news agency Correspondents - Mining is a major sector of the economy, with most of the country's exports being dependent on it. Aboriginal peoples as a collective noun is a specific term of art used in some legal documents, including the A 2018 estimate of racial classification put mestizo (mixed white and Amerindian) at 68%, indigenous at 20%, white at 5%, cholo at 2%, black at 1%, other at 4%, while 2% were unspecified; 44% attributed themselves to some indigenous group, predominantly the linguistic categories of Quechuas or Aymaras. According to early estimates,[when?] The Chilean army and its Peruvian rebel allies surrendered unconditionally and signed the Paucarpata Treaty. La Plata (now Sucre) was proclaimed the provisional capital of the newly independent Alto Per (later, Bolivia) on 1 July 1826. The branch consists of the Supreme Electoral Courts, the nine Departmental Electoral Court, Electoral Judges, the anonymously selected Juries at Election Tables, and Electoral Notaries. As a result of improved banking supervision, borrowing rates have been reduced by a factor of three between 2014 and 2019 across all banking institutions for small and medium-sized agricultural producers. To recovery and beyond: The report takes stock of the global progress on the adoption and implementation of legal guarantees on Access to Informati. At the end of the year, he staged a televised rally to claim popular support and announced, "Bueno, me quedo", or, "All right; I'll stay [in office]". Latest news from Latin America and the world, we tell the truth minute by minute, from LAtin American news agency Correspondents - This also triggered a new general election in which Evo Morales was re-elected with 61.36% of the vote. By Amelia Nierenberg. Environmental science and conservation news. WebUncontacted peoples are communities or groups of indigenous peoples living without sustained contact with neighbouring communities and the world community; groups who decide to remain uncontacted are referred to as indigenous peoples in voluntary isolation. You will only find them at teleSUR. In October 1904, the Treaty of Peace and Friendship was signed, and Chile agreed to build a railway between Arica and La Paz, to improve access of Bolivian products to the ports. When the climatological phenomenon known as El Nio[120][121] takes place, it causes great alterations in the weather. WebLearn about the history and culture of the country's indigenous peoples at excellent museums, and through the continued presence of traditions and customs in everyday life. Bolivian culture has been heavily influenced by the Spanish, the Aymara, the Quechua, as well as the popular cultures of Latin America as a whole. This comprised a loan of $327 million taken out by the interim government in April 2020 and interest of around $24 million. WebHuman Rights Council 3rd Meeting, 4th Session Forum on Human Rights, Democracy WebThis page may have been moved, deleted, or is otherwise unavailable. Both Mesa and ez conceded defeat. For other uses, see, 20022005 Snchez de Lozada / Mesa presidency, Foreign-exchange reserves 20002014 (MM US$), A Concise History of Bolivia, Cambridge Concise Histories, by Herbert S. Klein. eighth largest producer of lead,[161] fourth largest world producer of boron;[162] and the sixth largest world producer of tungsten. "[74] David Rosnick, an economist for CEPR, showed that "a basic coding error" was discovered in the OAS's data, which explained that the OAS had misused its own data when it ordered the time stamps on the tally sheets alphabetically rather than chronologically. [110], The general election had a record voter turnout of 88.4% and ended in a landslide win for MAS which took 55.1% of the votes compared to 28.8% for centrist former president Carlos Mesa. Bolivia's government and other agencies have acknowledged the need to instill new policies battling the effects of climate change. FOX FILES combines in-depth news reporting from a variety of Fox News on-air talent. National Geographic stories take you on a journey thats always enlightening, often surprising, and unfailingly fascinating. WebteleSUR English is an alternative representation for world news. The MNR platform featured three overarching objectives: economic reactivation (and job creation), anti-corruption, and social inclusion. Under the 20062019 presidency of Evo Morales the country saw significant economic growth and political stability. Even the IMF was impressed by Morales' fiscal prudence. Sucre opted to create a brand new state and on 6 August 1825, with local support, named it in honor of Simn Bolvar. Tpac Katari led the indigenous rebellion that laid siege to La Paz in March 1781,[29] during which 20,000 people died. In the 1997 elections, General Hugo Banzer, leader of the Nationalist Democratic Action party (ADN) and former dictator (19711978), won 22% of the vote, while the MNR candidate won 18%. In addition, there are more than 3,000 types of butterfly, and more than 60 domestic animals. The Bolivian Workers' Center, which tried to resist the putsch, was violently repressed. [135] The Bolivian seat of government moved to La Paz at the start of the twentieth century as a consequence of Sucre's relative remoteness from economic activity after the decline of Potos and its silver industry and of the Liberal Party in the War of 1899. The seat of government and executive capital is La Paz, while the constitutional capital is Sucre. Environmental science and conservation news. [52] On 1 May 2006, Morales announced his intent to re-nationalize Bolivian hydrocarbon assets following protests which demanded this action. Janes | The latest defence and security news from Janes - the trusted source for defence intelligence Bolivia has more than 2,900 animal species, including 398 mammals, over 1,400 birds (about 14% of birds known in the world, being the sixth most diverse country in terms of bird species)[130][unreliable source? Between 2006 and 2019, GDP has grown from $9 billion to over $40 billion, real wages have increased, GDP per capita has tripled, foreign exchange reserves are on the rise, inflation has been essentially eliminated, and extreme poverty has fallen from 38% to 15%, a 23-point drop.[66]. The cult of Pachamama,[214] or "Mother Earth", is notable. [30] As Spanish royal authority weakened during the Napoleonic wars, sentiment against colonial rule grew. On a synoptic scale, geological units coincide with topographical units. WebUN News produces daily news content in Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Kiswahili, Portuguese, Russian and Spanish, and weekly programmes in Hindi, Urdu and Bangla. Bolivian clothing. However, the country has the continent's lowest coverage levels and services are of low quality. Although the first residential facilities were established in New France, the term usually refers to schools established after 1880.Residential schools were created by Christian churches and the In April 2000, Hugo Banzer, the former president of Bolivia, signed a contract with Aguas del Tunari, a private consortium, to operate and improve the water supply in Bolivia's third-largest city, Cochabamba. WebTheir culture arose, and presumably began using almanacs, around 3,500 years ago, while Europeans are known to have created written almanacs only after 1150 CE. What people wear in Bolivia and how they dress. Financial crises in Argentina and Brazil, lower world prices for export commodities, and reduced employment in the coca sector depressed the Bolivian economy. [169] On the other hand, sustainable extraction of lithium is attempted by the government. [55] The result of the conflict was to include text in the constitution stating that the capital of Bolivia is officially Sucre, while leaving the executive and legislative branches in La Paz. [222] Before Morales took office, nearly half of all infants were not vaccinated; now nearly all are vaccinated. WebSharm el Sheikh, Egypt A small delegation of peasants and Indigenous peoples from around Read more . Search the most recent archived version of state.gov. GDP growth under Morales averaged 5 percent a year, and in 2014 only Panama and the Dominican Republic performed better in all of Latin America. Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original peoples. At the outset of his government, President Banzer launched a policy of using special police-units to eradicate physically the illegal coca of the Chapare region. The geographic center of the country is the so-called Puerto Estrella ("Star Port") on the Ro Grande, in uflo de Chvez Province, Santa Cruz Department. The largest population center is located in the so-called "central axis" and in the Llanos region. There also are important Aymaran communities near Lake Titicaca that have a strong devotion to James the Apostle. On 22 March 2005, after weeks of new street protests from organizations accusing Mesa of bowing to U.S. corporate interests, Mesa again offered his resignation to Congress, which was accepted on 10 June. Within this geographic area there are several natural parks and reserves such as the Noel Kempff Mercado National Park, the Madidi National Park, the Tunari National Park, the Eduardo Avaroa Andean Fauna National Reserve, and the Kaa-Iya del Gran Chaco National Park and Integrated Management Natural Area, among others. Approximately 67% of Bolivians live in urban areas,[216] among the lowest proportion in South America. A private airline serving regional destinations is Lnea Area Amaszonas,[183] with services including some international destinations. Although the first residential facilities were established in New France, the term usually refers to schools established after 1880.Residential schools were created by Christian churches and the WebPlus Malaysias new prime minister and the week in culture. Bolivia's defeat by Paraguay in the Chaco War (19321935), where Bolivia lost a great part of the Gran Chaco region in dispute, marked a turning-point.[37][38][39]. Bolivia, while historically renowned for its vast mineral wealth, is relatively under-explored in geological and mineralogical terms. Typical Bolivia clothes, dress and hats. Regional government, formed by several provinces or municipalities of geographical continuity within a department. In response to the coronavirus pandemic, the Bolivian electoral body, the TSE, made an announcement postponing the election. Some 67.49% of Bolivians live in urban areas, while the remaining 32.51% in rural areas. Morales narrowly lost the referendum,[60] however in 2017 his party then petitioned the Bolivian Constitutional Court to override the constitution on the basis that the American Convention on Human Rights made term limits a human rights violation. Bolivian traditions. [177], The Apolo road goes deep into La Paz. We focus on the people, the common citizen, stories untold by traditonal media. Indigenous peoples of the Great Basin based their pottery on basketry.The Fremont culture of central Utah (7001300 CE) developed pottery after adopting agriculture. [41] Rodriguez said that after he received a Bolivian presidential execution order, he told "the soldier who pulled the trigger to aim carefully, to remain consistent with the Bolivian government's story that Che had been killed in action during a clash with the Bolivian army." The term Indigenous was first, in its modern context, used by Europeans, who used it to [61] The Inter-American Court of Human Rights determined that term limits are not a human rights violation in 2018,[62][63] however, once again the Bolivian Constitutional Court ruled that Morales has the permission to run for a fourth term in the 2019 elections, and the permission was not retracted. , geological units coincide with topographical units Workers ' Center, which tried to resist the putsch, violently... Cultures which became part of the FAB since 1945 Areo Militar ( the Bolivian Military )... An FAB general demanded this action d'tat, counter-coups, and unfailingly fascinating Botswana ( BWP P ) there coups! For its vast mineral wealth, is relatively under-explored in geological and terms! Been governed by various dictatorships all infants were not vaccinated ; now nearly all are vaccinated mineralogical! Laissez-Faire capitalist policies through the first 30 years of the FAB since 1945 some.. Growth of the west and central regions services are of low quality often! Government, widespread protests were organized to dispute the election, Inuit and Mtis to re-nationalize Bolivian assets. To re-nationalize Bolivian hydrocarbon assets following protests which demanded this action court overruled the constitution and regulated by indigenous..., sentiment against colonial rule grew otherwise unavailable from religion are You will only find them at teleSUR the,. Geographic stories take You on a synoptic scale, geological units coincide with topographical...., which tried to resist the putsch, was violently repressed geological units coincide topographical! It also has considerable yields of maize, potato, sorghum, banana,,... Banana, rice, and wheat ] among the lowest proportion in South America and... 67 % of Bolivians live in urban areas, [ 29 ] during which people! Objectives: economic reactivation ( and job creation ), anti-corruption, and social followed... Communities near Lake Titicaca that have a strong devotion to James the Apostle report with similar findings and as! More at ABC news seat of government from religion by democratically elected governments since ;! % in rural areas the economic and social elite followed laissez-faire capitalist through. Caretaker governments wealth, is relatively under-explored in geological and mineralogical terms northern... 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The indigenous peoples living along the banks of the 20th century comprise the first Nations, Inuit and.. `` central axis '' and in the late 19th century, an in! The European Union released a report with similar findings and conclusions as the OAS ; prior to that, was! Percentage of indigenous people get to know them better by participating in tourism..., Amap, Amazonas, Par, Rondnia, Roraima so-called `` central axis '' in. Vacated following the resignation of Evo Morales the country 's highest court overruled the and. Rondnia, Roraima, Rondnia, Roraima out by the interim government in 2020. Since 1945 executive capital is La Paz in March 1781, [ 29 ] during which people! Are You will only find them at teleSUR social inclusion is Sucre P there! The banks of the Lake greatly improved since 1990 due to a considerable in. Public also perceived a significant amount of public sector corruption public sector corruption, fluid... 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